Pile-fabric loom.



No. 858,962. PATENTB JULY 2, 19o?.

J. K. DALKRANIAN.

PILE FABRIC LOOM. APPLIcATIoN FILED un. 2o. 190s.

7 SHBET-SHEET 1.

A TTORIVEYS No. 958.962.4 PAITENTED JULY 2, 1907.

J. vK. DALKRANIAN.

PILE FABRIC LOOM. APPLIoATIoN FILED Mn.2o.19o5.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTBD JULY 2, 1907.

'.T. K. DALKRANIAN. PILE FABRIG LOUM. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR. zo. 1905.

'I SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ATTORNEYS No. 858,962. PATENTBD JULY 2, 1907 J. K. DALKRANIAN.

PILE FABRIC LOOM. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. zo, 1905.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Il f T77 INVENTOH No. 858,962. PATENTED JULY 2, 1907.

J. K. DALKRANIAN.

PILE PABRIG LO0M. 4APPLIUATION I ILBD man. 2o. 1905.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' 1w U- w WITNESSES:

INVENTOR PATBNTED JULY z, 19o?.

J. K. DALKRANIAN. PILE FABRIC LOOM. .ArPLIoATIon yHmm un. zo. 1905.

E H nu 7 SHEET ha l an.

WITNESSES.'

Arron/vers PATLNTLD JULY z, 19o?.

No. a5.962.4

J. K. DALKLANIAN. PILL FABRIC LOOM. APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 20, 1905.

'1 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

rl] 5 I WIN/3858: a,

nro/Mfrs a n a i.V \.l. l 2 .o E C n 101W, A 70 m/ A. C v0 i C H UNITED sTATEs JAMES KARMI DALKRANIAN, OF NEW YORK,

PATENT OFFICE. j

N. Y., AssIGNoR, BY MEsNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO UNITED STATES PERSIAN CARPET COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,`A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.'

PILE-FABRIC LooM.

Patented July 2, 1907.

Application filed March 20, 190,5. Serial'No. 250.979.

To all whom lit may concern? p Beit known that I, JAMES KARMI DALKRANIAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York,iboro ugh ofthe Bronx, in the county and State of New York,'li tveinvented a new and Improved Pile-Fabric Loom, of whilthe following is a full, clear, and exact description. mi

The object of the invention is toprovide a new and improved pile fabric loom, more especially designed for weaving pile fabrics iny any desired design and color and of the oriental rug type, having Persian knots, such for instance as shown and described in the application for Letters Patent of the United States, No. 250,980 filed by me under even date herewith.`

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the'same` as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims. A practical embodiment ofthe invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement; Fig. 2 is an end elevation ofthe same; Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan View of one end of .thelayg 4 is an enlarged planvview of the looper; Fig. 4A is an end view of the clamping terminals of the looper; Fig. 4B is a perspective view of one of the tuft yarn tubes in engagement with a clamping terminal, to deliver the end of the pile thread to the clamping terminal; Figs.l5, 6, 7 and 8 are enlarged sectional side elevations ofthe improvement` illustrating the successive steps in the formation of the pile fabric; Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of the improvement shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement, showingia subsequent step in the formation of the fabric; 11 is a diagrammatic plan view of the same; Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 1.7 are sectional side elevations of the improvement, showing subsequent steps in the formation ofthe fabric; Fig. 18 is'an enlarged perspective view of the crossed ground warp threads and the pile .thread in one position for forming a Persian knot; Fig. 19 is a like view of the same, showing a subsequent position in the formation of the knot; Fig. 20 is an enlarged perspective view of the weave and the lay in beating-in position 5 and Fig. 21 is an enlarged plan view ofthe finished weave.

In the fabric (Fig. 21) to be woven by the loom illustrated -in the drawings, the ground warp threads a, a

are arranged in pairs, and the pile threads b, arranged in sets, are each interwoven ,with a pair of ground warp threads a and a', to form a Persian knot, and suitable weft threads c (preferably three) are interwoven with the ground warp threads a, a between adjacent sets of pile threads b, to insure the formation of a weave of the oriental rug type, having Persian knots. As is well known, the pile thread b in a Persian knot passes under the ground warp thread a, then over to the top of the'other ground warp thread a and thenv completely around this ground warp thread a', for the pile-end b to' extend up between the ground warp threads a and a r thread b, after which the'first welt thread c and the pile i thread b are beaten up, to form the Persian knot (see Fig. 20). The other two weft threads are then successively placed in the shed and beaten in, but it is evident that any desired number of weft threads may be used between adjacent sets of pile threads.

In order to produce the weave as described, the following arrangement is made: On a suitably constructed main frame A is mounted the usual warp beam ,(or

beams) B, from which unwind the groundwarp threads a, a to then extend forwardly and pass over a tensionrod C and through heddles D, D respectively, and finally to the fabric d, passing over a breast-beam E arranged on the front end of themain frame A. After each third pick a different set of pile threads b is used, each set of pile threads b being carried by tuft yarn tubes F, and each setof tuft yarn tubes F is held` on a tuft yarn frame removably mounted on an endless carrier of the usual construction and common in'Axminster looms, so that further showing and description of this part of the machine is not deemed necessary,I it being understood, however, that after each third pick a frame and its set of tuft yarn tubes F is disconnected from the carrier, transferred to the place for forming the knots (adjacent to the breast-beam E, see Figf), and after the knots are formed the frame and its set of tuft yarn tubes-Fare returned to the carrier, and the latter is caused to travel, to move the following frame into active position, the carrier traveling in unison with the movement of the loom.

The pile threads b of a set of p ile warp threads project somewhat beyond the terminals of Vtheir tuft yarn tubes F, and when the loom is in operation the needle-frame is rocked (see dotted positions, Fig. 6), to swing each needle and its pile thread b down between the corresponding ground warp threads a, a of a pair of ground Warp threads, so as to engage the free projecting ends of the pile threads with the clamping ends of a looper G,

employed for looping the pile threads around thc crossed warp threads a, a, the said looper G operating l in conjunction with the lay H and with a pair of shogging combs I, I employed for shifting the ground warp threads a, a in an approximately horizontal plane, as hereinafter more fully described.

The weft threads c are passed through the open shed at the proper time by a shuttle or the like of a weftinserting device .I (see Fig. 2).

The tension-rod C is preferably mounted on arms C, attached to a shaft C2 journalcd on the main frame A, and on the said shaft C2 is secured an arm C, pressed on by, a spring C4 connected with the main frame A (see Fig. 1), to press the rod C in an upward direction, to give the desired tension to the ground warp threads a, a The heddles D, D are hung in the usual manner on heddle-levers D2 and D3, connected with suitable cam vmechanism, actuated from the main shaft of the loom,

to shift the heddles at the proper time and as hcreinafter more fully described.

The looper G is hung at its rear end on a crank-shaft K, journaled in suitable bearings A on the main frame A, and on one end of the said crank-shaft K is secured an arm K, connected with a suitable cam mechanism for imparting an intermittent rocking motion to the crank-shaft K, to swing the looper G forward and backward in a longitudinal direction, an up and down swinging motion being at the Sametime given to the said looper, and for this purpose the front end of the looper is pivotally connected by links I'2 with arms K, attached to a transverse shaft K4 journaled in suitable bearings in the sides of the main frame A. On the shaft K'l is arranged an arm K5, connected with suitable cam mechanism operating in conjunction with the cam mechanism for the arm K so that when the loom is in motion the looper G is swung from its approximately horizontal position, below the warp threads and the fabric rearwardly and upwardly into an approximately vertical position and back again to its normal position, as hereinafter more fully described.

'lhe lay I-I is journaled at its lower end by its shaft H in the sides of the main frame A, and on one end of the said shaft H is arranged an arm H2, connected with suitable actuating mechanism on the loom, so that when the latter is in motion an intermittent forward and backward swinging motion is given to the said lay H.

The shogging combs I and -I are mounted to slide up and down and transversely in suitable guideways A2 forming part of the main frame A, and in order to give the said shogging combs the desired motion the following arrangement is made: The upper shogging comb Iis hung on links L, /pivotally connected at their upper ends with arms L projecting forwardly from a transverse shaft L- journaled in suitable bearings on the main frame A, and from the said shaft L2 extends rearwardly an arm L, connected by a link L4 with a transversely extending rocking lever N, fulcrumed at N on the main frame A (see Figs. l and 2). One end of the rocking lever N is connected by a link N` or other mechanism with a cam device driven from the main shaft of the loom, so that an intermittent rocking motion is given to the lever N. The other or lower shogging comb I is pivotally connected by links L5 with arms LG attached to a transverse shaft L7 journaled on the main frame A, and on the said shaft L7 is secured a rearwardly-extending arm LS pivotally connected by a link` Lg with the rocking lever N, the links LJ and L4 being pivotally connected with the said rocking lever at opposite sides of the fnlcrnm N so as to insure a uniform up and down movement of the shogging combs I and I whenever the lever N is rocked, as above mentioned.

When the shogging comb I is in a raised, inactive position and the shogging comb I is in a lowered inactive position, then they are held in left and right hand positions by springs O and O, preferably connected with the links L and L5 respectively and the main frame A. The left hand end of the shogging comb I abuts against a vertically-disposed bar I), fixed on the main frame and provided at its lower end with an incline P so that when the shogging comb I moves downward then its left-hand beveled end I2 engages the incline'P and'consequently the shogging comb I is moved from the left to the right while descending. In a like manner the shogging comb I has its righthand end provided with a bevel I, adapted to engage an incline P3 on a bar I2 fixed to the right-hand side of the main frame A. Thus, when the shogging comb I is moved upward its bevel I moves in engagement with the incline It3 and consequently the shogging comb I during its upward movement, is shifted from the right to the left, that is, in an opposite direction to the transverse movement of the shogging comb I. The

shogging combs I and I are provided on their opposite edges with the usual spaced pins or teeth I4 and If (see Figs. 9 and ll), of which the pins I'l are adapted to engage the corresponding ground warp threads a and the pins I5 are adapted to engage the corresponding ground warp threads a.

When the loom is in operation and the shogging combs I and I are moved toward each other, then the shogging comb I engages the ground warp threads a while the shogging comb I engages the ground warp threads a and then a transverse movement of the shogging combs takes place in opposite directions, so as to shift the ground warp threads a and a in a transverse direction with a View to cross the said ground warp threads of each pair, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 9. When the shogging combs I and I move from each other, that is, the shogging comb I upward and the shogging comb I downward, then the shogging combs are also moved transversely back to their former positions by the action of the springs O and O. In doing so the shogging combs allow return of the ground warp threads a and a to their former position, and finally disengage the same, to remain in normal, inactive uppermost and lowermost positions respectively, until the next action. It is understood that the ground warp threads a, a are under tension and are diverted from their normal parallel position by the shogging combs I and I; and when the said ground warp threads a, a are released by the shogging combs, then their tension serves to restore them to their normal approximately parallel position.

The detail construction of the looper G is as follows: Pairs of clamping bars G and GL are spaced apart, corresponding with the tuft yarn tubes F carrying the pile threads b of a set, and the pairs of clamping bars are ladapted to pass between the ground warp threads a, a of a pair, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 11. Each pair of clamping bars G G2 is formed at its terminaland at the lower corner with a mouth G3 (see Fig. 4A) for the ready entrance of the corresponding tuftyarn tube F, to deliver the pile thread b between the clamping bars G and G2 on the withdrawal of the tuft yarn tube, so that the free end of the pile thread b is clamped between the terminals of the corresponding pair of clamping bars G and G2.

The clamping bar G2 is provided a distance from its terminal and at the top with a transversely-extending lug G4, reaching into a recess formed in the upper edge of the other clamping bar G and over this lug G2 is drawn the clamped end ofthe pile thread'b after the pile warp threadA has been looped around the crossing, -as hereinafter more fully explained, and shown in Fig. 12. l

The lay H (see Figs. 3,9, 11 and 20), is provided with alternately arranged long and short dents or reed-bars4 readily understood by reference to Fig. 11, from which it will be seen that the short dents H pass between the warp threads a; a of a pair, while the long dents H3 ex tend between adjacent pairs of ground'warpthreads.

`The operation is asfollows: In Figs. 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13 and 17 the ground'warp threads a, and a are, for the sake of clearness, shown one slightly above the other, while in practice the ground warp threads are arranged in the same lateral plan until shifted by the heddles, as hereinafter-more fully explained. When the several parts are in the starting position shown in Fig-5, then vthe lay H is in a'rearmost position, with the dents H3 and Hibetween adjacent ground warp.

.'tlireads, the looper G' is below the breast-beam E and a set of tuft yarn tubes F is now descending from .the carrier, and this set ,of tuft yarn' tubes swings down (see different positions in dotted lines in Fig. 6) in such a manner that each tuft yarn Itube F with its pile thread b passes between the ground warp threads a, a of a corresponding pair of ground warp threads, and the tuft yarn tube opens the corresponding pairof clamping bars G and G2 ofthe looper G and delivers' the free end of the pile thread b to the said clamping bars G and G2, which'thus clamps this end of the pile thread' b (see Fig. 6). The set of tuft yarn tubes F now rise straightup to a ldistance above the ground warp threads, and in doing so the pile. threads b are unwound from their'spools on the tube-frame and are held stretched in a vertical position between the ground warp threads a, a of the several pairs', as shown in Fig. 6. When this has taken place both heddles D, D move upwardly, the heddle Dto its extreme uppermost position and the heddle D only a distance sufficient to lift the ground warp threads a, above the upper ends of the short dents H4 of the lay H (see Fig. 7). The shogging Acombs I and I Vnow move toward each other and sidewise, in opposite directions, .to

i cross the ground warp threads a, a of`e'ach pair, the

Vily understood by examining Figs. 8 and 9. The lay Hnow swings forward to an approximately vertical i position, so that the short dents H4 pass` between'the ground warpthreads a, a and thereby move the crossing a2 of the ground warp threads further downward (see Fig. 11). The looper G is now caused to move rear- VVwardly and upwardly (see Figs. 10, 11 and 12), so that the terminals ofthe pairs of clamping bars G and G2 pass up between the ground warp threads a, a immediately in front of the short dents H4 of the lay (see Fig. 11), and as the looper G rises it carries the ends of the several pile threads b along, thus looping the pile threadsb around the crossing a2 in a longitudinal direction, that is, in the direction of the length of the warp. The looper G, in rising, also swings forwardly, thus causing the pile threads b to move the crossings a2 further forward, at the same ltime drawing the loops of the pile threads b tightly around the crossings a2. As the loops of the pile threads b are drawn tightly and the looper still rises, it is evident that the free ends of the pile threads b are pulled out from between the. clamping bars G G2 (see Fig. 12), and then the looper G swings downward and forward, back to its normal position (see Fig. 13). The lay H now returns to its rearmost position and the shogging combs I, I "return to their normal positions, and in doing so they release the ground warp threads a, a which, by their tension, return into a parallel position (see Fig. 14). The heddles D, D Iiow shift, that is, the heddle D moves to its extreme upper position, to lcarry the ground warp threads a above the terminals of the short dents H4, and the heddle D moves to its extreme lower position, to'carry the ground warp threads a` below the terminals of the short dents H4.' The shuttle of the weitcarrying mechanism .l now passes the weit thread c through the open shed, in front of the lay- H (see Fig. l5), and then the lay H swings forward to its full extent, to beat-in the pile threads b and the weft thread c (see Fig. 16). The lay H then returns to its rearmost position, and during this time a cutting apparatus, such as two knives Q, Q is brought into action,

to cut off the pilerthreads b a desired distance above the fabric d and a distance below the terminals of the tuft yarn tubes F, to leave a projecting end at each tuft yarn tube, which projecting end of the pile thread is clamped `by the clamping bars G G2 on a subsequent act and as above explained.v After cutting the pile threads b the knives Q, Q are moved back to an inactive position, then the heddles change, the next weft thread c is passed through'the open shed, and finally beaten in, and this operation is repeated if more weft threads are to be interwoven with the ground warp threads a, a.' As shown in Fig. 21, three weft threads c are shown interwoven with the ground warpthreads a, a between successive sets of pile threads b. After the last 'weft threadvis interwoven the heddles D, D move to their startingposition (see Figs. 5 and 17,) and the above-described operation is repeated.

From the foregoing it will be seen that a set of pile threads b is formed into Persian knots on the pairs of ground warp threads a, a by first passing the pile threads between the threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, then crossing the threads of each pair of ground warp threads, then looping the pile threads around the crossings of the ground warp threads in the direction of the length of the Warp, and then returning the ground warp threads to the first or parallel position, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 18, 19 and 20.

Ipt is further understood that the several mechanisms described for producing the desired result operate in unison and are driven from the main shaft of the loom, andas the means for actuating the several mechanisms from the main shaft may be of any approved construction, itpis not deemed necessary to further illustrate or describe the same.

I do not limit myself to any detail construction of any one of the several mechanisms employed for producing the desired result, as the same .may be varied without deviating from the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A loom for interweaving a pile thread with a pair of gronndwarp threads, comprising means for passing a pile thread between a pair of ground wurp threads, means for crossing the ground wax'p threads to one side of the pile thread, means for looping the pile thread around the cross ing of the said ground warp threads, in the direction of the length of the warp, and means for returning the said ground warp threads to a parallel position.

2. A loom for inter-weaving a pile thread and weft threads with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising meansV for passing the pile threads between the pair of ground warp' threads at an angle thereto, means for crossing the ground warp threads at one side of the said pile thread, means for looping the pile thread around the crossing, in the direction of the length of the warp, means for returning the said ground warp threads to a parallel position, means for shifting the ground warp threads to open the shed, means for passing the weft thread through the openlshed, and means for beating in the weft thread and the plie thread.

3. A loom for interweaving a pile thread with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising a tuft yarn tube carry ing a pile thread and adapted to pass between the ground warp threads, a iooper having means for holding and releasing the free end oi' the plie thread carried by the tuft yarn tube, the said tutt yarn tube and iooper standing above andbeiow the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile thread atl an angle to the ground warp threads, means for crossing the said ground warp threads at one side of the said pile thread, and means for moving the said iooper, to loop the pile thread around the crossing of the ground warp threads and pass the free end of the pile thread up between the ground warp threads and on the other side oi the crossing, and releasing the free end of the pile thread from the said iooper.

4. A loom for interweaving a lpile thread with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising a tui't yarn -tube carrying a pile thread and adapted to pass between the ground Warp threads, a iooper having means for holding and releasing the free end of the pile thread carried by the tnft yarn tube, the said tutt yarn tube and iooper standing above and below the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile thread at an angle to the ground warp threads, means for crossing the said ground warp threads at one side of the said pile thread, means for moving the said iooper, to loop the pile` thread around the crossing of the ground warp threads and pass the free end of the pile thread up between the ground warp threads, on the other side of the crossing, and releasing the free end of the pile thread from the said iooper, and means for returning the said ground warp threads to parallel position.

A loom for lnterweaving a pile thread with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising a tuft yarn tube carrying a pile thread and adapted to pass between the ground warp threads, a iooper having means for holding and releasing the free end of the pile thread carried by the tuft yarn tube, the said tuft yarn tube and iooper standing above and below the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile said ground warp threads, and a weft-carrying mechanism for passing a weft through the open shed.

(l. A loom for intel-weaving n pile thread with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising a tuft yarn tube carrying a plie .thread and adapted to pass between the ground warp threads, a iooper having means for holding and releasing the free end of the plie thread carried by the tuft yarn tube, the said tui't yarn tube und loopcr standing above and below the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile thread at an angie to the ground warp threads, means for crossing the said ground wurp threads at one side of the said plie thread, means for moving the said iooper, to loop the pile thread around the crossing of the ground w'nrp threads and pass the free cnd of the plie thread up between the ground warp threads, on the other side ot the crossing, and releasing the free end of the pile thread from the said iooper, meuns for returning thc said ground warp threads to a parallel position, heddies for manipulating the said ground warp threads, a weft-carrying mechanism for passing a weft through the open shed. and a luy for beating-in the said weft and the plie thread.

7. A loom for interweaving a pile thread with a pair of ground warp threads, comprising a tuft yarn tube carrying a plie thread and adapted to pass between the ground warp threads, a iooper having means for holding und releasing the free end of the pile thread carried by the tufl: yarn tube, the said tuft yarn tube and iooper standing above and below the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile thread at an angle to the ground warp threads, means for crossing the said ground wurp threads al; one side of the said pile thread, means for moving the said iooper, to loop the pile thread around the crossing oi' the ground warp threads and pass the free end of the pile threud up between the ground warp threads, on the other side oi the crossing, und releasing the free end of the pile thread from the said iooper, means for returning thc said ground warp threads to a parallel position, heddics for manipulating the said ground warp threads, a weft-currying mechanism for passing a weft through the open shed, a lay for beating-in the `said weft and the pile thread, and a cutting device for cutting oli both ends of the plie thread.

8. A loom for interwcaving a pile ihreud with a pair oi ground warp threads, comprising n tuft yarn tube carrying a pile thread and adapted to pass between the ground warp `threads, a iooper having means for holding und rcleasing the free end of the pile thread carried by the luft yarn tube, the said tnft yurn tube and iooper standing above and below the said ground warp threads, to hold the pile thread at an angle to the ground warp threads, means for crossing the suid ground warp threads ut one side of the said pile thread, means for moving the suld iooper, to loop the pile thread around thel crossing oi' the ground warp threads and pass the free end oi thc pllt` thread up between the ground warp threads, on the otherl side of the crossing, and releasing the free end of the pihl thread from the said iooper, means for returning the said ground warp threads to a parallel position, heddics for manipulating thc said ground warp threads, a wci't-carr ving mechanism for passing a wcit through the open shed. a lay for beating-in the said weft and the plie thread, and n cutting device for'cutting olf both ends of the pilc thread a distance above the fabric and a distance below the tuft yarn tubes.

9. A loom for producing un oriental fabric having lersian knots, comprising heddies for the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, an lntermittently-rcciprocaiing lay having alternating long and short denis, cach short dent being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair oi ground warp `threads, a set oi' ruft yarn tubes for carrying the pile ihreuds und adapted to pass between the ground warps of the pairs oi ground warp lll() threads, a looper having meansvfor engaging, holding and releasing the free ends of the pile threads, a shogging device for the ground warp threads, to cross the same-between the pile threads and the lay, and actuating means for the looper to loop the pile threads around the crossing of the ground warp threads and to pass the free end between the ground Warp threads adjacent to the lay.

10. A loom producing an oriental fabric having Persian knots, comprisingheddles for the ground Warp threads arranged in pairs, an intermittently-reciprocating lay having alternating long and short dents, each short dent being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads ot, a

the ground warp threads adjacent to the lay, the said shog ring device being arranged to release the said ground warp threads for the latter to return to parallel position.

11. A loom for producing an oriental fabric having -lersian knots, comprising heddles for the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, an intermittently-reciprocating lay having alternating long and short dents, eachI short dent being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair of ground warp threads, a set of tuft yarn tubes for carrying the pile threads and adapted to pass between the ground warps of the pairs of ground warp threads, a looper having clamping means for engaging, holding and releasing the free ends of the pile threads, a shogging device for the ground warp threads, to cross the same between the pile threads and the lay, actuating means for the looper to loop the pile threads around the crossing of the ground warp threads and to pass the free end between the ground warp threads adjacent to the lay, the said shogging device being arranged to release the said ground warp threads for the latter to return to parallel position, and a tension device for the said ground warp threads, to hold the same'under tension.

121A loom for producing an oriental fabric having Persian knots, comprising heddles for the ground warpl threads arranged in pairs, an intermittently-reciprocating lay having alternating long and short dents, each short dent being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads'of a pair of ground warp threads, a set of tuft yarn tubes for carrying the plie threads and adapted to pass between the ground warps of the pairs of ground warp threads, a looper having clamping means for engaging, holding and releasing the free ends ofthe pile threads, a shogging device for the ground warp threads, to cross the same between the pile threads and the lay, actuating means for the looper to loop the pile threads around the crossing of the ground warp threads and to pass the free end between the ground warp threads adjacent to the lay, the said shogging device being arranged to release the said ground warp threads for the latter to return to parallel position, and a cutting mechanism for cutting oit the ends of the pile threads after being beaten in by the said lay. v

13. A loom for producing an oriental fabric having Persian knots, comprising heddles for the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, an intermittentiy-reclprocating lay having alternating long and short dents,'each 'short dent being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair of ground warp threads, a set of tuft yarn tubes for carrying the pile threads and adapted to pass between thegroundwarps ot the pairs of ground warp threads, a looper having clamping means for engaging, holding and releasing the free ends of the pile threads, a shogging device for the ground warp threads to cross the same between the pile threads and the lay, actuating means for Athe looper to loop the pile threads around the crossing of the ground warp threads and to pass the free end between the ground warp threads adjacent to the lay, the said shogging ldevice being arranged to release fhe said ground warp threads for the luttelto return to parallel position, and a mechanism for inserting a weft in the open shed of the ground thread in front of the lay, for the latter to beat in the weft and the pile threads interlooped with the ground warp threads.

14. A loom for weaving pile fabrics, comprising a pair of heddles for operating the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, a lay having alternate long and short dents, of which the short dents are adapted to pass be tween the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, means for holding pile threads between and at an angle to the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, a shogging device for crossing the ground warp threads between the said lay and the said pile threads, and a looping device for passing one end of each pile thread around the ground warp thread crossing and up and between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, at a point between the crossings and the lay.

415. A loom for weaving pile fabrics, comprising a pair of heddles for operating theground warp threads arranged in pairs, a lay having alternate 'long and short dents, of which thc 4short dents are adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, means for-holding pile threads between and at an angle to the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, a shoggingdevice for crossing the ground warp threads between the said lay and the said pile threads, and a looping device for passing one end of each pile thread around the ground warp thread crossings and up and between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads, at a point between the` crossings and the lay. the said pile thread ends in the looping device beingl withdrawn therefrom on the looping device reaching the end of its looping movement.

1G. A loom for weaving pile fabrics, comprising heddlos for manipulating the ground Warp threads arranged in pairs, a lay having alternately-arranged short and long dents, the short dents being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair and the long dents extend' ing between adjacent pairs of ground warp threads, a set of tuft yarn tubes carrying the pile threads, means for swinging the said tuft yarn tubes, to pass the same between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads and for causing the tuft yarn tubes to rise vertically, a looper receiving the free ends of the pile threads from the tuft yarn tubes below the ground warp threads, a shogging device for shogging the ground warp threads between the lay and the pile threads and to allow the ground warp threads to return to a parallel position, and means for imparting a rearward and upward and return movement to the said looper, to carry the pile threads around the crossings of the ground warp threads and up between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads at a point between the crossing and the lay, to release the free ends of the pile threads above the ground warps and to return to a normal, inactive position below the ground warp threads.

17. A loom for weaving pile fabrics, comprising heddles for manipulating the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, a lay having alternately arranged short and long dents, the short dents being adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair and the long dents extending between adjacent pairs of ground warp threads, a set of tuft yarn tubes carrying the pile threads, means for swinging the said tuft yarn tubes downward, to pass the same between the ground war'p threads of the pairs of ground warp threads and for causing the tuft yarn tubes to rise vertically, a looper receiving the free ends of the pile threads from the tuft yarn tubes below the ground warp threads, a shogging device for shogging the ground Warp threads between the lay and the pile threads and to allow the ground warp threads to return to a parallel position, means for imparting a rearward and upward return movement to the said looper, to carry the pile threads around the crossings of the ground warp threads and up betwccn the ground warp threads of the pairs of. ground warp threads at a point between the crossing and the lay, to release the'tree ends of tho pile threads above the ground warps and to return to a normal, inactive positon below the ground warp threads, and a shuttle mechanism for inserting a weft in the open shed of the ground warp threads, the said weft being beaten in together with the pile threads previously formed and interlooped with the ground warp threads.

18. A loom for weaving pile fabrics, comprising heddles for manipulating the ground warp threads arranged in pairs, a lay having alternately-arranged short and ioni,r dents, the short dents being' adapted to pass between the ground warp threads of a pair and the long dents extending between adjacent pairs of ground warp threads, a set 0f tuft yarn tubes carrying the pile threads, means for swinging' the said tuft yarn tubes downward, to pass the same between the ground warp threads ofthe pairs of ground warp threads and for causing the needles to rise vertically, a looper receiving the free ends of the pile threads from the -tuft yarn tubes, below the ground warp threads, a shogging device for crossing the ground warp threads between the lay and the pile threads and to allow the ground Warp threads to return to a parallel position,

means for imparting a rearward and upward and return i movement to the said looper, to carry the pile threads around the crossings of the ground warp threads and up between the ground warp threads of the pairs of ground warp threads at a point between the crossing und the lay, to release the free ends of the pile threads above the ground warps and to return to a normal, inactive position below the ground warp threads, a shuttle mechanism for inserting a weft in the open shed of the ground Warp threads, the said weft being beaten in together with the pile threads previously formed and inter-looped with the ground warp threads, and a cutting device for cutting 0E the ends ofthe said interlooped und beaten in pile threads.

In-testiluony whereof I have signed my name to this speeitieation in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES KARMI DALKRANIAN. Witnesses '.llmo. G. Hos'ran, Ernuann BoL'roN MARSHALL. 

